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Independent Presbyterian Church is a congregation of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) located on the Southside in Birmingham, Alabama.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Birmingham Public Library - Central - Archives )〕 Initially started by a group of 25 following controversy over doctrinal issues within a local congregation, the church now has approximately 2400 members.〔http://ipc-usa.org/templates/System/details.asp?id=24047&PID=117461〕 == History == Independent Presbyterian Church was formed in 1915 in Birmingham, Alabama, after a popular and charismatic preacher at South Highland Presbyterian Church, Dr. Henry Edmonds, was criticized by members of the Southern Presbyterian Church for having views that varied from the doctrinal standards of that denomination. The controversy was brought to a head when an article appeared in the Birmingham Age-Herald in which Edmonds was quoted as differing from orthodox Presbyterian theology on the subject of the inspiration of the Bible and of the substitionary Atonement of Christ.〔"Declare Dr. Edmonds' Doctrine Not in Accord with Standards; Disruption Threatens Church", Birmingham Age-Herald, October 22, 1915〕 Before arguments were fully resolved, Dr. Edmonds withdrew from South Highland Presbyterian Church and with a small group of followers formed the Independent Presbyterian Church of Birmingham, Alabama. The first worship service was held at Temple Emanu-El, Birmingham, Alabama, a congregation of American Reform Jews and a close friendship between the two congregations has existed ever since.〔"Temple Emanu-El is Jammed Yesterday by Those Anxious to Hear Dr. Edmonds, Birmingham Age-Herald, October 25, 1915〕 During the early years, the church also held services in downtown Birmingham at local theaters, primarily the historic Lyric Theater 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lyric Theatre )〕 which services were attended by both whites and blacks and which ministered to the working class and the poor.〔"Two Theatres Unable to Hold Crowd Which Flocks to Hear Dr. Edmonds Preach Downtown", Birmingham Age-Herald, November 8, 1915〕 Though initially independent, the church was admitted into the Presbyterian Church U.S.A. (the "Northern" Presbyterian body) in 1920. The "Northern" denomination actually already had a number of congregations in and around Birmingham, acquired from the Cumberland Presbyterian Church in 1906, so Independent Church became part of a strong presbytery of fellow churches. The church was a proponent of the Social Gospel and was one of the first to establish programs for public health, child welfare and legal aid. Edmonds' pastorate spanned a difficult and turbulent time in the City of Birmingham. He was Chairman of the Alabama Commission on Inter-Racial Cooperation, a group dedicated to improving relations among the races, and took action to ensure a fair trial for the Scottsboro Boys.〔Carter, Dan T., Scottsboro: A Tragedy of the American South, (LSU Press, 1969)〕 Notable pastorates of the church have included John N. Lukens (1948–1966), M. Scott McClure (1967–1996), and Conrad Sharps (2005-2014). The church has called Dr. William J. Carl III, to serve as its seventh pastor. Dr. Carl is the former pastor of First Presbyterian Church of Dallas and immediate past-president of Pittsburgh Theological Seminary. Dr. Carl began his ministry at IPC in July, 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Independent Presbyterian names seminary president as new pastor )〕 . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Independent Presbyterian Church (Birmingham, Alabama)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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